Sunday, May 24, 2020

Hunting Conservation Wildlife Management Tool - 875 Words

Hunting is viewed as a sport or hobby in which the activity of hunting wild animals or game is the goal, especially for food or sport. On the other hand is Conservation, which is the action of conserving something, in particular. Preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife are just some of the examples in which conservation is exercised. If you were ask anyone, usually you would view Hunting and Conservation as two opposites. But, some people actually view the two as hand in hand. How is hunting conservation? It’s viewed as a wildlife management tool. Hunting helps balance wildlife populations with what the land can support, limits crop damage and curtails disease outbreaks. (25 Reasons Why Hunting Is Conservation #17) Also, all together, hunters pay more than $1.6 billion a year for conservation programs. No one gives more! (25 Reasons Why Hunting Is Conservation #11) Some may ask â€Å"What are the cultu ral, political, and economic connection between outdoor sports like hunting and ecological conservation?† Hunting is supported and marketed by the same demographic that supports the sustainability of preserves and conservation efforts. Without organized stewardships, human environments would encroach upon animal habitats, thereby exposing populations to menace, deterioration, and decline. Take the organization ‘Ducks Unlimited’ for instance. Ducks Unlimited is a popular brand amongst men in the southShow MoreRelatedHunting : The Benefits Of Wildlife Conservation1237 Words   |  5 PagesThe Benefits of Hunting Conservation is the protection and preservation of nature (Peterson 53). Hunting is an important part of the conservation of wildlife. Hunting is widely considered a crucial part of wildlife conservation. Hunting benefits wildlife by controlling the population, raising funds for wildlife conservation, and protect wildlife. In America, there are 15 million hunters annually (â€Å"Hunting conservation†1). Hunting is a common activity around the world. Hunting is performed for severalRead MoreHunting : An Effective Tool For Wildlife Management And Preservation Of Wildlife1577 Words   |  7 Pages Hunting not only provides people with healthy organic meat, it is also instrumental in the management and preservation of wildlife not only through the hunting itself, but also by the money generated by hunters that is used for this purpose. Hunting has existed since the dawn of time and continues to play a key role in providing people with the food they need to survive. Hunting plays many important roles in our world and has been a very effective tool for wildlife management and hopefullyRead MoreNatural Resource Depletion And The Sustainability Of Natural Resources1217 Words   |  5 PagesIncreasing global human population will have interchanging effects on ecosystem services; create difficultie s in the ability to produce adequate levels of sustainable food through crop production and hunting; place increasing pressures on land for human habitation; create a greater potential for human-wildlife conflict; and most urgently, increase the potential for climate change effects as a result of human-induced activities that result in emissions of greenhouse gases. Human-induced problems identifiedRead MoreHunting Benefits Wildlife Conservation2777 Words   |  11 Pagesdifferent big-game and small-game species of wildlife. The list ranges from the elusive racoon to the prosperous white-tailed deer, and even to the beastly grizzly bear. Since the United States government adopted the concept of conservation, due partly to the great acts of President Theodore Roosevelt, its has been our moral responsibility to protect the game species of America (Belanger). Our country provides a professional and sufficient way to guide conservation and to develop, regulate, and manageRead MoreHunting Is Not A Fair Thing1672 Words   |  7 Pages Hunting, meaning tracking or trapping of wild animals is one of the oldest activities known to mankind. Back in the days, hunting was a necessity of life for our ancestors to be able to obtain food for nourishment. People still hunt animals for food, but it’s more of a recreational activity now an d laws govern which specific animals can be hunted. People who disagree about hunting say that it is detrimental to the beautiful nature, which results in numerous accidents every year and isRead MoreWildlife Tourism : A Positive Or Negative Effect On Society2149 Words   |  9 PagesWildlife Tourism Introduction This portfolio will first of all be discussing the topic wildlife tourism, which can be enjoyable for tourists. They may enjoy purely watching wildlife whilst travelling to maybe learn some facts about wildlife (non-consumptive wildlife). Or, conversely, they may wish to be much more involved in some form of touching with the animals, or this even may involve the capturing or killing of animals (consumptive wildlife). Both of these will be critically examined below andRead MoreRecreational Hunting Should Be Banned2103 Words   |  9 Pagesrecreation. Recreational hunting is one of the most long-debated controversial issues in modern society. The arguments between proponents and adversaries of recreational hunting draw on ethical elements. Those who are opposed to it argue that committing harmful and painful actions on a sentient being is unethical or unjustified, especially when the actions are simply for recreation. Such groups also believe animals that are often hunted have inhere nt value in ecosystems and hunting such animals detractsRead MoreEssay about Conserving Natural Resources Through Hunting1592 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Hunting is not part of conservation, it is conservation† says Dr. Jon Hutton, Executive Director of UNEP-WCMC. (25 Reasons Hunting is Conservation) This quotation states that hunting is one of the most beneficial things to improve a population. Conserving natural resources by eliminating a percentage of an overpopulated species helps the natural balance in the environment. If the wolf population goes down, the deer population goes up. If the deer eat all the grass, rabbits and other such herbivorousRead MoreMaryland Department Of Natural Resources Wildlife And Heritage Service3255 Words   |  14 PagesDepartment of Natural Resources Wildlife and Heritage Service provides technical assistance and expertise to the public and private sectors for the conservation of Maryland’s wildlife resources. This includes the management of threatened and endangered species, game birds and mammals, and the operation of nearly 115,000 acres of State-owned lands classified as Wildlife Management Areas. The mission of the Wildlife and Heritage Service is to Conserve Maryland s diverse wildlife, plants and the naturalRead MoreHunting Pros and Cons Essay1272 Words   |  6 PagesDannielle Fory BIO-220 Environmental Science May 4, 2013 Steven Lenk Hunting Hunting has been a way of life for thousands of years. As long as humans have been on earth, they have been hunting to provide food for their families. For many decades now, hunting has started to cause conflict among people. One of the main issues that have cause conflict has been overharvesting. Overharvesting can also cause issues with habitat and may put a strain on the relationship between the predator and

Sunday, May 17, 2020

Video Games The Dominance Game - 1184 Words

The Dominance game â€Å"None of it will come as a surprise to anyone who’s remotely familiar with video games. For decades, players have been rewarded with flesh, sex and innuendo for progress in games spanning the original â€Å"Metroid† to the most recent â€Å"Grand Theft Auto.†Ã¢â‚¬  (Beres) The stereotype â€Å"gamer† used to be a nerdy, white, young male, in fact that image has been changing over the past couple years. Females nowadays are starting to play video games more and more but the video game industry is putting out an image of females that is just unrealistic, their bodies and or looks, their personalities and actions. Young girls could be playing the games like â€Å"Grand Theft Auto† and begin to watch the female characters and start to think and or believe that she is less than perfect in everyone else s eyes. Young boys who play these games like â€Å"Grand Theft Auto† or â€Å"Call of Duty†, the images of th e female characters have major potential to destroy their (the male s) personal views of females. While women are not the targeted audience of action-adventure and role-playing video games. The gaming industry should have more female characters that are more realistic to women and less sexualized because women aren t objects to be owned and the female characters on video games not only destroy females view on themselves, but also young males view’s on women. While are the man main target audience of action-adventure and role-playing video games, â€Å"research shows that womenShow MoreRelatedThe Positive and Negative Aspects of Video Games in Society968 Words   |  4 Pagesprominent in our culture is video games. As it is becoming more prominent, it is also evolving throughout the years. Video games now are becoming more complex and influential in our society. People can use this type of entertainment was a way to relieve stress or a way to socialize with others online. Video games is almost available everywhere, from video consoles to cell phones, most Americans have played a video game before. The American myth is that Americans mostly view video games as a way to pass timeRead Moreinformative speech Video games Essay912 Words   |  4 Pages Glick Topic: Video games in America Specific Purpose: To inform my COM121 class on how video games are part of peoples lives. Central Idea: Focusing on how games are incorperated in peoples lives by viewing the time spent playing, relationships through video games, how video games are for all people, and the social aspect that is incorperated in the video games. Introduction Attention-getter: 59% of americans play video games, there are two gamers in each household inRead MoreEssay on How Games Have Changed from Atari to Xbox 647 Words   |  3 Pageswas the first commercial video game company with hits like ‘break out† and â€Å"pong†. For many people pong was the first video game they have ever played. The idea of pong is that there is two rectangles that only move up and down and a little square that bounces around the screen until one of the rectangles miss, once the rectangle miss’ the game is over. This game may seem simple now but it sold 19,000 units so you can say what you want but back then this was the greatest game ever. EventuallyRead MoreHow Nintendo Go From A Small Card Company1572 Words   |  7 Pagesto a global juggernaut in the video game industry? They were able to able to mesmerize us all with fun and new intuitive ways to enjoy a medium that was only looked at as toys, but now is a medium that is enjoyed by every one of all ages. To quote the former president of Nintendo, the late Satoru Iwata said, â€Å"Above all, video games are meant to be just one thing: Fun for everyone† with that philosophy Nintendo was able to shape, save, and innovate the home video game entertainment market. As a gamerRead MoreEssay about Violence of Video Games947 Words   |  4 Pages Aggressive video game controversies are consequential on irregular grounds, ranging from the depiction of hostility, sexism, as well as ethnicity, alongside constructive portrayal of offensive conducts among others. Video gaming has been undeniably, evaluated for its connections to addiction along with hostil ity however, traditional varying assessments notably attained conflicting results. On the contrary, contemporary analysis have reported that exposure to insensitive video games would imposeRead MoreVideo Games And The Video Game1299 Words   |  6 Pages  A video game is an electronic game that involves human interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor. The word video in video game traditionally referred to a raster display device, but it now implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images. The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles. These platformsRead MoreGigabytes and Grades: Some Effects of Technology on Childhood Development and Learning755 Words   |  3 Pagesmost predominant effect on the youth is the exponentially increasing video games industry, especially those of violent nature. By narrowing down ‘technology’ to strictly the effects of video games, in this example, one can look at exactly how violent games effect the moral outlook of children who use said games. As of 2005 the video game industry account for approximately $29 billion in the US alone (Wong, 2006) and 53% of video games played by first to third graders contained violence (Funk, 2005).Read MoreEssay on Video Games: Good or Bad?1112 Words   |  5 Pagesinstead. The urge to play â€Å"just one more level† before starting that homework or doing those chores can be quite distracting. But are video games really as awful as Mom exclaims or as brutal as those TV ads depict? It turns out that video games can have a strong impact on participants’ lives in both positive as well as negative ways. When imagining the typical video gamer, one might envision the stereotypical overweight, slightly nerdy looking man who traps himself within his basement till two everyRead MoreViolence of Video Games Essay1204 Words   |  5 Pageseither kill you, or become very harmful to your well being if you consume too much of it. We could certainly compare the â€Å"overconsumption† of video games with violence to the above with added danger. The fact that video games are addictive as can be seen by anyone with experience of playing or the people in our lives who fell under the spell of video games. Obviously, they get absorbed and obsessed over the virtual world and sometimes forget their responsibilities and obligations. The virtual worldRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Gender Socialization And Aggressive Behavior By Tracy L. Dietz1534 Words   |  7 PagesOver time video games have drastically changed its contents and through the use of media it has become very popular among the people of all ages. The article, â€Å"An Examination of Violence and Gender Role Portrayals in Video Games: Implications for Gender Socialization and Aggressive Behavior† by Tracy L. Dietz portrays the impact of video-games in gender roles in our society. Through the usage of samples in the experiment shows that the video games tend to have more male characters rather than female

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Strategic Intervention Techniques and Their Value on Nokia Free Essay Example, 4000 words

This paper illustrates that different techniques of strategic intervention are aimed towards the improvement of organizational performance and effectiveness through various actions, events, and activities. The most important techniques of organizational strategic intervention are merger and acquisition, cultural change and innovation. The merger and acquisition technique assist the organization to utilize the resources and capabilities of another organization for the improvement of their products and services. This technique also assists an organization to create a strong position in the market by diversifying their products and services. It helps an organization to broaden their customer database and serve their demands in a better manner. A partnership of Nokia with Microsoft has improved their global reputation. Their merge with the technology giant has assisted them to restructure their product and services as per the current market trends. The creativity and innovation interve ntion is essential for Nokia as they are lagging behind in terms of the development of smartphone applications as per the customer preferences. Nokia is facing huge competition by other telecom companies such as Apple, Samsung, and HTC in terms of the software and mobile application development. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Intervention Techniques and Their Value on Nokia or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The management of the organization needs to focus on the innovation and creativity in terms of strategic intervention to revive their market position. The cultural change of any organization involves the change in the work pattern and employee relationship. To implement a global strategy, an organization needs to focus on the required changes in the work culture. The current market condition of Nokia has also revealed the poor work culture of the organization. Their leadership and employee management procedure are not very well developed. Various bureaucratic activities and office politics are restricting the innovative ideas of employees. Therefore, the change management of the organization needs to focus on the cultural restructuring of the organization to ensure healthy work patterns and employee relationships. It will also assist the organization to increase their productivity.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

My Brother s Life - Original Writing - 764 Words

I couldn t believe it when the tomato- red rental car pulled into our gravel driveway. He s here, I shouted, racing outside to welcome my nephew who had driven across the country to visit us. After greeting him with hugs, we watched as Evan s eyes took in our cabin, nestled in the woods. So this is White Pines, he said. At that moment I wished I could crawl inside Evan s head and see what his first impressions were. If I were a betting woman, I d bet my life that curiosity had forced my nephew into visiting. We d invited my brother s family for a visit several times over the years, but they had never come. Eventually our families had grown up. But as my sons and their cousins stayed in touch, their cousins seemed curious about the kind of lifestyle we led snuggled in the mountains. I believe Evan finally had to check it out for himself before life s obligations made it impossible. Not only had my children and their cousins grown up on different sides of the country, but world s apart when it came to lifestyles. My brother led a traditional life, which offered a beautiful home, the latest clothing styles, and security; while our family had chosen a meager lifestyle, unlike anything my brother s kids could imagine. And while two of our kids had left the nest and blessed us with grandchildren, we felt honored that two of our adult children shared our home. They worked and slept in the attic, while my husband and I slept inShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Walt Whitman s Song Of Myself1178 Words   |  5 PagesThere are some differences in certain ideas, images and the language; however, these differences do not take away from Whitman’s fulfillment of Emerson’s vision of the self. Whitman’s â€Å"Song of Myself† shows the ideals of self in Ralph Waldo Emerson s Self-Reliance at work and therefore fulfills Emerson’s vision of self as true to inner voice and purpose. Walt Whitman embodies the ideal of self-reliance, a principle famously described by Ralph Waldo Emerson. This principle is marked by a nonconformistRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841169 Words   |  5 Pagestheme of thinking independently are Big Brother, the four ministries of Oceania, and Winston’s diary. Although Big Brother is merely a figurehead, he plays a major role in The Party’s plan to seize control of Oceania, as well as revealing the main theme in Orwell’s book. He is a creation of The Party, used to personify the government and make manipulating Oceania easier. Pictures of him are posted all around Airstrip One, reminding people that â€Å"BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (3) When one is constantlyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Keeper N Me1496 Words   |  6 PagesWagamese’s fictional writing blended with components of his personal life in Keeper’n Me specifically, the fifty-nine year old author has been recognized for this and other phenomenal works through a variety of diverse awards in his years of writing including being the recipient of the 2012 National Aboriginal Achievement Award for Media and Communications. His debut novel allows audiences to get a glimpse of what this writer is capable of and furthermore his personal life as he incorporates manyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1746 Words   |  7 PagesI Await Juliet knew that royalty life would be hard from the moment she was old enough to comprehend. She s seen how her mother worked as Queen, making sure those of the lower class are pleased enough. How her father - the King - rules the kingdom, setting rules and suitable punishments. How her brother has to live up to the next heir of the throne. The forest was part of her safe haven, away from the castle and away from her high expectation family. Although it was part of the lower classRead MoreThe And With New Understandings From The Lake District And Lady Gregory s Place1460 Words   |  6 PagesDistrict and Lady Gregory’s Place â€Å"It isn t about being or not being dead, it s about what you leave behind† Katurian, The Pillowman After saying these words, Katurian goes on to say if the police officers said they would burn two of the three things, his brother, himself or his writing, he would chose to have his brother burned first, and him charred second and â€Å"it would be the stories I would save.† His brother, Michael, does not understand this concept, and I will admit before this day I alsoRead MoreKeats s Poem About A Nightingale1232 Words   |  5 Pagesfor several hours and ended up creating his poem, Ode to a Nightingale (Appendix E). The title itself can clearly imply that the poem is about a nightingale, a bird that is known to sing at night. Throughout the poem, Keats writes about his anguish, â€Å"My heart aches, and drowsy numbness pains† (1), how the bird gives him happiness, â€Å"‘Tis not through envy of thy happy lot, / But being too happy in thine happiness† (2), and how he wishes to escape with the bird, â€Å"And with thee fade away into the forestRead MoreTh e Unexamined Life Is Not Worth Living1450 Words   |  6 PagesThe unexamined life is not worth living, quoted Socrates. It appears that, following his brilliant logic, the key to living philosophically is exactly how one interprets and scrutinizes their own life in a philosophical context. As with the nature of philosophy itself, living philosophically is also ambiguous, and it could very well be that one lives philosophically even if they do not necessarily realize it. Take, for instance, a person who questions why humans and all life forms must die;Read MoreReflection Paper on Shakespeare Class1344 Words   |  5 Pagesconcept of it and understand the concept in which Shakespeare was writing his poetry. My expectations for the class was not that much. I just told myself let me get this done and finished with. Throughout the course of this semester I have learned a lot. I have become a better writer, at least in my eyes. The different writing assignments were helpful to me, it made me think outside the box. My progression has included me writing essays, research papers, journals and discussing classmates’ responseRead MoreAnalysis â€Å"Godfather Death1260 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. Ed. X.J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. 10th ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2007. 16-20. Grimm, Jakob and Wilhelm. â€Å"Godfather Death.† Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. Ed. X.J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. 10th ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2007. 12-13. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Young Goodman Brown. Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. Ed. X.J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. 10th ed. New York:Read MoreCultural Implications Of Godzilla Film Analysis1737 Words   |  7 Pagesthe metaphorical/ cultural implication of Godzilla. Analysis will be made on the worlds fascination with Godzilla and the footprints that Godzilla has made in the world, as well as the warning message Godzilla symbolizes. In the original 1954 Godzilla movie, the story line shows a fisherman who was trying to catch fish by an island, rather his line is hooked on Godzilla who rises from the sea. A storm soon strikes the Island destroying helicopters, killing people and destroying homes

Short Article Reveals the Undeniable Facts About Literary Analysis Outline and How It Can Affect You

Short Article Reveals the Undeniable Facts About Literary Analysis Outline and How It Can Affect You The readers ought to be left with a last impression. A play, on the flip side, may require that you analyze and explain the relationship between the subplot and the main plot, or it might even make sense for you to delve into specific character traits of the principal characters and how their flaws may be revealed at various intervals in the play. Possessing an outline will permit you to organize your ideas and provide you an idea of direction on how your paragraphs should flow into one another. One particular prompt might request that you compare and contrast two characters. If after following the steps and taking note of the advice and tricks, you find it difficult to compose a crucial analysis, don't be afraid to ask aid from EssayPro. As soon as you are conversant with the most typical mistakes, it's an ideal time to be aware the tips, which can help you to be successful. These effective tips may help you produce the very best outline. Pay attention to the rubrics or guide questions offered to you. Bear in mind you should devote separate paragraph to every one of your statements. Ensure you divide information into paragraphs to create the text smooth and readable. Additionally, the topic sentence also gives every section focus in regard to the subject. Point 3 with a couple examples to show what it is that you are speaking about 7. Definitions of Literary Analysis Outline Very similar to all other kinds of essays, it's your thesis that carries the most weight. Sample of the way to compose an essay outline to show you just how to compose an essay outline here is a good example of the format. What you will need is is a blueprinta foolproof approach to receive your essay structured. An essay doesn't have any possibility of success in the lack of a carefully formulated thesis. Who Else Wants to Learn About Literary Analysis Outline? On ho w to compose a crucial analysis paper, you ought to be in a position to express your opinions basing from experience. Knowing about the outlines and formats for several kinds of essays is a fantastic way to augment the way in which you prefer to state your opinions. You could make 1 claim with lots of evidence, or five claims to back up your topic sentence. Therefore, you've got to be well-prepared regarding additional info, analysis, and researches of different men and women. Whether you've been requested to compose an analytical paragraph or possibly to pen a whole crucial analysis essay, the secret is to attempt to find things as the author did when they first wrote the work that you're analyzing. Allow the reader know how you're likely to show your claim. You also ought to learn some information regarding the author, it is going to let you understand his intentions and thoughts better. Evaluate whether the author has achieved the purpose of their written work. An analysis paper, as an example, that was based on a bit of poetry might require that you explore various varieties of imagery used in the poem, or even the connection between the content and the type of the piece used. You have not just to compose an essay except to read an original literary piece repeatedly, analyze it, research, make notes and so forth. Your assignment is being taken care of simply as you wish to pay for essays. Don't neglect to produce and use your literary analysis outline. Essay outline template is a powerful method to perform the process better. Locate an ideal sample literary analysis outline prior to starting. Making literary analysis outline is a significant portion of a writing process. New Ideas Into Literary Analysis Outline Never Before Revealed It's very essential for the student to realize that literary analysis truly is a process where there isn't any correct or wrong answer. Don't hesitate to bring any background information if it's pertinent to a thesis and can assist the audience understand your preferred position. There are a couple ways students may add their evidence. Students in the fields of Science and Arts have to earn a crucial analysis of earlier works as these analyses will prove how well you've mastered a specific profession and utilize it like a basis to dissect work. Literary Analysis Outline - Overview Something you're going to prove or confute. Thus, vaporous as it might be, it not only won't change, it CAN NOT change. On the other hand there's not anything wrong with getting assistance from a superb consultant on the right outline format. The Hidden Secret of Literary Analysis Outline Your literary analysis differs from a typical book review since you don't need to state if you enjoy a work of literature and whether you recommend it to a different reader. You may read about how to turn into a talented and productive essay writer here. If writing about the very first Hunger Games novel by Suzanne Co llins, for instance, you might use the feminist vital strategy. Literary Analysis Example An instance of an applied analysis is the one which asks the writer to examine issues of gender or private identity and the way they relate to their personal life. 1 thing to notice is that literary analysis is not a simple undertaking to achieve. The aim of your introduction is to have the reader interested in your analysis. The introduction should include three or more thingsa hook, your thesis statement, and a sentence or two describing how you plan to demonstrate your thesis statement. The debut of an argumentative essay sets the stage for your complete piece you may have to include background information linked to your argument.

Coal Is Just Not Black Gold free essay sample

Based on the literature and observations, he then proposes few strategic recommendations to improve organisational effectiveness both to Law makers and to company. INTRODUCTION Coal India Limited (CIL) is a Government of India Undertaking, Maharatna (Country’s Jewel) company which employees 400,000 people approximately as of April’12. In ended last financial year, with net annual sales of 15 billion dollars, and a net annual operating profit of 3 billion dollars approximately by producing coal from its 466 Coal mines across India and selling it to Power generation companies. It is the biggest and only listed company in the sector, where private companies are not allowed to compete, Thus accounting to 80% of Annual national production of Coal in India. CIL has five unions, which represent all the employees in the company. Since the company is only major coal producer and acts more like a monopoly in the sector, wages are low compared to Industry average in other countries. Coal India apart from producing coal on its own also gives few coal mines to private third parties for contract. These mines are smaller in size and remote for the company to allocate resources, hence they are contracted. This strategy of contracting coal mines and not having enough regulations around Coal production has led to few private contractors preferring illegal means of employment in these coal mines and not allowing private competitors to compete with Public sector companies COAL IN INDIA Indian Coal Industry currently occupies third position by producing 400 metric tons per year ( mtpy), after US (1100 mtpy and China 2400 mtpy. Within the country Coal mining is nationalized and accounts for 60 per cent of electricity production. Coal being crucial resource for economic growth, it is safeguarded by government by passing many acts, Indian Mines Act of 1952, Mines and Minerals Regulation and Development (MMRD) act are the key legislative act meant for protecting labour working in mining industry and governing mining and exploration in India respectively. After further revision in 1993 and 2002, National Mining Policy was outlined by Government of India whose objectives are mineral development through exploration in both Onshore and Offshore fields. Policy is meant to promote mineral industry standardize training and research, considering future needs of the country with minimal impact of nature and ensure safety and health of all people involved in the industry. These objectives do make a progress in standardizing the rules, however it has to clearly describe how the law handles informal mines and how to deal with illegitimacy under current law. According to a Journalist expert of small mines Chakravorty (2002), Illegal mines in India constitute of 88 per cent of the total reported mines in count, producing approximately 10 per cent of the total value of mineral production of the country. This number has increased in the last decade , where 30 per cent of illegal mining. These mines comprise of poor people toiling for lowest wages and almost negligible security, health and safety conditions. According to MMRD Act, Mines Act and other Environmental Acts, all minerals are broadly classified into â€Å"Major† and â€Å"Minor† and rest the responsibility of mining with the state. MMRD has further classified mines has Class A or Class B determined based on the mechanical equipment used and Labour employment the mine generates. Based on financial investment, Labour work, Depth of deposits and technology deployed, mines are simplified to different Classes and given for contract. Typically Class B mines are given for contract to subsidiaries by CIL , One such example is Eastern Coal Fields, in state of Meghalaya, where even though they mines are Small, they are labour intensive and needs to have high security and health standards. National Institute of Small Mines (NISM) , a governing body has classified mines based on the production amounts. From various acts above, it can be understood that legal definitions hinge on physical dimensions of mine, which is in turn is used to determine the effort and time required to mine. However for a complex economic activity like mining with close social linkages and unique to the nature of the mine, such reductionist approach and simplifying mines obscures the diversity of mining practices across scales. As large formal processes of mineral extraction, processing and use cannot be applied to such small mines they tend to be rejected and Illegitimated. Clearly, existing laws have loopholes which are inadequate in handling perennial Informal and Illegal mining. Also Illegal miners cannot lobby for recognition, since current structure of the sector is monopolistic with over 80% reserves under CIL. This situation has resulted in dire consequences and well-being of Local society around colliery areas and environment. COAL INDIA , A MONOPOLY Coal India Limited (CIL) established in 1970, is responsible for mining the coal, while the ownership of which is vested with the state. Consequently the organization has played a critical role in meeting state’s growth plans. The decision making on mineral resources is influenced by engineers, geologists, bureaucrats and political groups and governance is solely vested with CIL. The Coal Mines Nationalisation Bill, 2000 allows state governments to mine coal only if CIL certifies with no Intention to mine certificate. The Ministry of Coal ( MoC ) has awarded CIL a near monopolistic power, giving rise to tight control on its country’s reserves and lack of transparency in many areas. Because of lack of more advanced technology for procuring coal and other social costs, it is also noted that mining cost of Coal in India is 35% higher than other exporting countries like Indonesia, Australia, because of poor productivity ( 3 tonnes / man shift ) as compared to 12 tonnes / man shift in Australia. As a solution privatising of coal sector is attempted, however it is still in preliminary stage. The challenge to policy makers in this regard is to ensure how to safeguard the wealth from illegal mining and environment within the region, at the same time benefit people in mining areas by making laws that do not outcaste people and their livelihoods as illegitimate also ensure greater transparency and standardization in pricing of coal. In coming years, demand for coal in the country is expected to increase multi fold, according to IEA 2006, Reuters 2007, hence the need for government to restructure the sector is critical to not only to answer many global implications concerning climate changes and Kyoto Protocol and but also streamline the definite increase in informal collieries which will continue to meet the demands of local consumers and ensure they meet minimum security and health standards of living. SOCIAL IMPACT Coal India Limited has destroyed environment in many coal traces with no or little concern for social implications, Inspire of Forest and environment controls. This behaviour can be attributed to sole monopoly power vested with one company on nation’s coal production. There were other instances of violation of human rights noticed while employee people at Coal mines One such example, It was noted that at Janita Hills, Meghalaya , India. 5000 children less than age of 18 was trafficked from Assam, Nepal and Bangladesh and employed by coal mines in Meghalaya which are contracted to private contractors by CIL . Many such instances were noticed not only in eastern part of India , but also across many nations’ coal traces in West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka states. Inspite of the Mines Act , 1952 which doesn’t allow bonded labourers or people below the age of 18 to work. Sometimes even without environment degradations, large mining projects have impacted social lives with serious implications for the livelihoods of local communities around in and around coal traces, where people were forced to leave their traditional occupations for scavenging in left over coal traces, which are not economically viable for contractors. Such instances were noticed in Jharkhand, where government and company officials have neglected social and cultural issues around the mining areas for years impacting the livelihoods of people living in these areas. This has created a need for extreme leftist or Maoist Movements to resist such acts– as observed by Chandra Bhusan, Associate Director of Centre of Science and Environment. According to him Indian Mineralised tracts are mostly in conflict Zones, since Company officials, technical experts and governing bodies never seriously engaged with social issues. Current legal instruments are anti-poor and of colonial vintage and unable to deal with today’s realities. Many Civil Non-Governmental Organisation groups have taken a non-violent approach to use existing judicial mechanisms such as filing Public Interest Litigation(PIL) to bring justice to local communities whose daily lives are impacted. Ex : PIL filed against Eastern Coalfields Limited by Mazdoor Sabha in Country’s Apex court. Although Supreme Court Panel has lashed against CIL, It remained unresponsive SOCIAL LICENSE TO OPERATE Over the past 2 decades many changes were noticed in global mining industry. There is increased and concerted global efforts where nine major global companies supported a global scale project called Mines, Minerals and Sustainable Development (MMSD) Project ,whose direct outcome is to the increasing charges of environmental destruction and irresponsibility on coal mining companies to care socio-cultural changes caused by them in areas of operation are laid out and followed globally. MMSD group of companies agreed that Mining Company in developing countries not only needs Legal license to operate but also Social License to Operate. Under this backdrop At CIL, mining engineers who make all the plans , mining project itself assumes more importance over people living in these mining operations. This view was observed from many bureaucrats in India, CIL uses their rationale that Land Acquisition Act or Coal Bearing Areas Act does not provide assistance for Local people around the impacted areas, thus ignoring local needs and perpetuating illegal mining under its belt. ILLEGAL COAL MINING AND UNSAFE WORKING CONDITIONS In energy-hungry country like India, demand for coal has increased in the last 2 decades, coal production remained fairly stable, causing coal prices to surge in recent years. The lack of reform and rising demand have spawned a seedy underbelly of â€Å"Coal Mafia† and a class of workers that illegally scavenge the mines for coal. The Coal Nationalization act in 1952, revised in 2000 has made it legal for just the centre or state governments to authorize coal mining, i. . , only government owned companies, its subsidiaries and contracted third parties. Apart from illegally mining, scavenging from abandoned mines is another source of obtaining coal. In West Bengal state for instance Raniganj-Jharia region there are many abandoned mines by CIL subsidiaries which have neglected filling up the mines with sand, as per regulation , consequently villagers have ready access to scavenge. It was also observed that open abandoned underground mines release hazardous gases like Carbon Monoxide which are hazardous and can kill people who go to scavenge left over coal. Scavenging can occur in both underground and open cast mines. The later assumes greater significance. In these areas Poor Security of mines storage and transportation was observed where coal is transported with head baskets into awaiting trucks. Coal India also delivers coal to local sale dumps located near the mines and big dumps, pilferage takes place regularly on major highways from long distance. In eastern India, Its not unusual to see women and children work the unsafe mines with the most rudimentary tools. Most are drawn to it in the hopes of earning a better  income. According to World Bank, over 20 million people depend on mineral resource extraction for living. When this number is compared with formal mining industries it is immensely large. PAUPERIZATION IN COAL MINING AREAS IN INDIA In colliery areas where CIL operates, significant amount of social and environmental transformation takes place over a period of time. Within bureaucratic and political circles the notion that Coal as a commodity is being excavated for greater common good by a Central government owned body like Coal India Limited, represents lack of attentions to people’s interests and social impacts of mining coal. Decay of social fabric, erosion of traditional livelihood, rising levels of urbanisation are some of the socio impacts which vary according to physical proximity of the mine to livelihoods. Between 1971 and 2001, people in Ranijang region in west Bengal have slowly moved away from agriculture as an occupation to mining and scavenging , even in non-colliery areas. Women especially from downtrodden caste and below poverty line are most impacted by this migration. In areas of Jharkhand gradual pauperization of people around coal mining areas have taken place in which traditional land and water rights in the region in which they live are lost and few negligible short term benefits of mining are accrued which will is leading to steady extinction of tribal people in remote coal mining areas. In most of the cases, links between the legal and illegal coal mines are more complex than above example. Both the groups either co-exist or coal mining company complains against scavenging to local authorities as law and order problem, however bureaucratic reply is usually pointing the company should take care of its resources. Hence in the existing legal setup both parties formally or informally will try to co-exist peacefully. Similar setup exists between large scale and small scale transportation in centralized control manner controlled by mafia group. Part of the root cause for such inefficient maintenance, transportation and distribution systems lies with CIL and its subsidiaries where they are not standardized and do not consider domestic consumer, In the entire eastern region CIL doesn’t have large depot to cater the needs of domestic consumers. Hence often industry owner applies for a license to grant coal to fire the furnaces or generate power. This permission is difficult to get and consumer need to bribe any intermediate parties from company officials, bureaucrats and politicians leading to significant overhead cost for the company, there by preferring a shorter and simpler coal extracting methods by joining hands with mafia system or illegal mining. STRATEGY MAKING PROCESS FOLLOWED BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA AND COAL INDIA In the above sections, various issues faced by the community, company and the system at large are explained. To understand the issue in hand better and to analyse the issues lingering the sector better, Government’s and Company’s behaviour with larger society is compared with few Strategy making processes. According to author, current system has a predefined set of objectives and is thriving to achieve that without considering other subjects involved in entire scenario. This behaviour aptly fits into Classical approach highlighted by Grant (2008). The reductionist approach by MMRD and other acts by the Government can be mapped to this approach Government trying to oversimplify the complexities involved in various mines based on certain factors like Size, productivity etc. , such approach leads to formation of clear goals to the Company and doesn’t allow the company to recognize the emergent behaviour of the employees, people livelihoods in affected areas. Below is a modified representation of Grant’s Classical approach of Strategic Human Resource Management. Figure 1 : Common elements in successful Strategies , Adopted from Grant ( 2008: 7) Author notices that because of monopolistic nature of coal mining sector in India and sufficient support from political circles, there isn’t sufficient pressure on the company for Profound understanding of all the groups involved. In Most of the cases, Long term agreed objectives takes more priority over other priorities mentioned like Profound Understanding of all groups involved, Regular Appraisals of employees involved and Environmental awareness. Hence the company will focus on financial targets to achieve more than Social Impact it creates in thousands of people it impacts. Thus it can be stated that Classical approach readily doesn’t fit in or help in solving the issue. Current Intended strategy of Government of India, behind Nationalization of Coal mining in 1952 is to protect the reserves from exploitation by private parties is well understood, however with the changing times , growing demand and involvement of various other socio-political and technological factors, Intended Strategy is not being completely realized. There is a deliberate effort on its part , to ensure current intended strategy works by allowing illegal mining and scavenging by local people in coal mining areas in order to peacefully co-exist and continue to mine in coal traces. However by comparing the number of court petitions filed by local tribes in Jharkhand, WestBengal living nearer to various collieries, comparing the productivity / person and high cost of mining compared to other export countries it can be understood that , slowly they are moving towards an unrealized strategy where focus is only on net volumes realized and not considering environmental impact . EMERGENT STRATEGY OF STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT In practice organization approach can be explained by Emergent Strategy approach as suggested by Mintzberg (1987) are relevant. According to March (1976) and Mintzberg (1987), planned strategies are not always realized; strategies can often emerge and evolve over a period of time. The Strategy should be moulded over action . Similar such fluid approach can be applied, where an additional dimension as mentioned below in Emergent strategy is required to recover from unrealized strategy and to streamline the company’s goals. Privatization of coal mining along with a holistic review of existing mining policies impacting the sector is the emergent strategy to improve the productivity, transparency of coal production and livelihoods of people involved. However its application remains a challenge. Figure 2 : The Emergent Strategy, source from the strategy concept, California Management Review, Mintzberg. H, 1987. Systemic Approach of Strategic Human Resource management On similar lines to Emergent Approach of Strategic Human resource management, Whittington(1993,2001) systemic approach provides more answers to the issue, where Strategy is shaped by the social system the company operates within. This strategy is shaped by cultural and institutional interests of broader society, since organisations and decision makers are embedded in network of social relations, hence adept understanding of the needs of the society at large and acting accordingly should be key . OUTCOMES Profit-Maximising PROCESSES Deliberate Emergent Pluralistic Classical Evolutionary Systemic Processual OUTCOMES Profit-Maximising PROCESSES Deliberate Emergent Pluralistic Classical Evolutionary Systemic Processual Figure: 3Whittington’s (1993) generic perspective on strategy Author believes Emergent and Systemic approach to planning a strategy is apt and required by all parties involved( both policymakers and industrialists ) in order to operate in complex world with various socio-geo political limitations. This it can be concluded that to effectively manage human esources and to improve organisation performance , integration between human resource management and business strategy holds key for its success. (See Holbeche, 1999; Schuler and Jackson, 1999). EMPLOYEE RELATIONS IN COAL INDIA Coal India has both union and non-union based workers. Starting from 2009, it has been recruiting more than 1000 employees every year from premier management and technology schools across India. This is one of managemen t initiatives taken to inject fresh blood and reduce the average age of its labour force. While the decision to recruit young highly talented workforce as change agents is appreciable, 30 to 40 per cent of these employees quit every year for below reasons. 1) Staff felt they were demoralized by senior staff from the beginning. 2) Apart from salary issues, the staffs were under-utilised and faced hostility from seniors. 3) While recruitment, the staff were promised a grade above engineers however not fully implemented even after raising the concern to top management. Hence realized there are limited growth options. Treasurer of Coal Mines Officers Association of India partially accepted the conditions and commented this situation reflects the larger problem of stagnation within the organization It is understood , if the situation continues, the county’s top coal producer is likely to grapple with unprecedented HR crisis across its executive cadre because of limited growth options and 6000 of their employees mostly from executive cadre getting retired every year. Falling on relevant literature , Kochan . T , 2000 has stated that Asian model of employee relations is designed to support an economic strategy that emphasises human resources as a competitive asset- A strategy that requires a highly skilled and committed workforce and a cooperative labour management culture and system. In Coal India, it can be observed that there are required structures in place like Unions for labour management, since the company is too big, management of resources is challenging. Since the company works in a monopolistic structure, there isn’t healthy competition which will push the management to focus on current internal and external problems with more vigilance rather than its current laid back approach and bureaucratic functioning. It can be noted that HR strategies should operate consistently as is a vital part of the overall business plan (Stroh and Caligiuri, 1998). Within the organisation senior management there should regularly conduct analysis regarding the kind of HR competencies needed in the future, and accordingly core HR functions (of procurement, development and compensation) should work together collectively to meet such needs. (see Holbeche, 1999). The 2 core aspects which organization has to focus is Integration of HRM into the business and corporate strategy, and the devolvement of HRM to line managers instead of personnel specialists, thereby ensuring company doesn’t have power blockages and allow it to function smoothly. Brewster and Larsen (1992: 411–12) define integration as ‘the degree to which the HRM issues are considered to formulate long term business strategy’ and devolvement as ‘the degree to which HRM practices involve line managers has responsible rather than personnel specialists’. Similarly (Budhwar and Sparrow 1997; 2002; Hope-Hailey et al. , 1997; Truss et al. , 1997; Sisson and Storey, 2000) also highlighted the concept of devolvement for quicker response in large scale organizations. This process, highlights the need of prioritizing the issues and developing/ training more motivated employees for effective control. Instead of having a narrow hierarchy with in organization, there by leading to stagnation, it can be learnt from this theory that local problems should be resolved by local managers at grassroots level affording more time for senior management. Applying this theory to Coal India Limited, It can be understood that mine managers should be more proactive is liaising with local governments and bureaucracies to form an amicable solution for betterment of society as well as company. Company senior management should work closely and provide required assistance and authority to mine managers to perform their duties. In this context, the Coal India Limited management can learn from other global peers to understand how to deal with employee relations related issues effectively. Below is the summary of one such example stated by an author Young-Kee Kim, in his report on Employee relations. LG group from its inception till 1987 achieved high rates of economic growth with support from Government by suppressing unions, however in the period of 1987-89 it has faced severe hostility and strikes from its workers because of which resulted in 740 million dollars of loss. Post 1990 till 2005, as a result of research and many extensive internal surveys the roup has laid importance to new group level policy that emphasis the promotion of human dignity for employees and the maximisation of customer satisfaction. Voluntary employee participation in workplace organisational improvements has been identified as a critical success factor. Consequently the rapid realisation of co-operative labour relations and enlig htened ER practices has been recognised as tasks of major significance my member firms. * Company has evolved gradually from Passive support of Management perception of union to active partnership with unions.. It gradually made a cautious move from not just maintaining a stable labour relations climate in order to avoid labour disputes, it has invited a voluntary participation of employees and union leaders in management activities. * Unions characteristics of providing weak employee support to being professional in their activities and finally Employee Relations have moved from just dealing with basic issues to providing autonomy and participation of employees From the above example it can be understood that Firstly, without management innovation, co-operative Employee Relations cannot be achieved. For Labour management relations to be a positive sum game, these innovations should enable the company to achieve superior performance and the capacity to provide employees with better rewards. Secondly, much time and effort is required from top management to develop a constructive labour management culture. The Employee relations department cannot achieve the development of co-operative employment relations by itself. The labour management relationship should be viewed as a profit – creating relationship, rather than a cost –creating one. Thirdly, the company should support increased independence and professionalism on the part of the union and provide education for union leaders. A union that lacks professionalism is unable to get a full support of its members and lacks effective management strategies for administering union business because of high turnover of union officials. Fourthly, to be successful all these activities should be conducted consistently and systematically over time. Many companies only seriously consider the labour management relationship when faced by a critical problem. Such focused attention tends to fade when the strike is settled. As explained in the above example, LG group has chosen a different path and spent a year analysing its Employee relations. CONCLUSION IS PRIVATISATION A SOLUTION ? Currently both globally and in India, demand for coal is on the rise, thereby increasing the prices of coal. Due to the volatile times passing through, similar to other commodity sectors like Iron, steel, Coal Mining industry will also undergo divestment and monopoly of Coal India Limited will break. However privatisation is not a panacea for all issues lingering the sector. Time has come for Policy makers, bureaucracy and other parties involved come together to answer few critical questions while restructuring the sector. 1) How to deal with thousands of people making their livelihood from illegal mining of coal ? 2) Will the government able to accept few realities like people living in local region , have rights on mineral resources to strength the lower strata and provide a sense of security to their livelihood ? 3) Can the government, restructure the sector with more robust, full proof, social informed laws protecting and respecting the rights and interests of all involved ? ) With experience from privatising other commodities, after privatising coal mining ,it can be estimated that mushrooming of small coal mining leases can be experienced in an open market scenario. Hence laws and policies safeguarding the interests should be more inclusive than before. Where policies and laws have to deliver sustainable benefits to local and global communities, un like current laws that are focused only on mitigating the negative impacts of mining on the environment and marginalizing small groups over national priorities. Government policies need to take a more holistic approach in understanding about production of â€Å"Illegal mines† as well as marketing and distribution chains through which legally mined coal is illegally distributed. It is vital to integrate local interests in mine management plans to provide access to resources for local people and co-exist peacefully for inclusive growth.. References : Books and Internet Links * Bamber J, Park F, Lee C, Ross P and Broadbent K, 2000, Employment Relations in the ASIA-PACIFIC Changing Approaches, Allen and Unwin, Australia. BeardWell J amp; Claydon T, 1994, Human Resouce Management – A Contemporary Approach, Pearson Education Limited, Great Britian. * LG Group ( 1994) LG Labour – Management Relations Long-term Model Report * http://www. thehindubusinessline. com/companies/article2470720. ece * http://economictimes. indiatimes. com/coal-india-ltd/infocompanyhistory/companyid-11822. cms * http://articles. economictimes. indiatime s. com/2011-10-18/news/30295579_1_iits-and-iims-new-recruits-cil * http://www. firstpost. com/business/labour-pangs-for-coal-india-scrip-melts-in-the-heat-67084. tml * http://in. reuters. com/article/2012/10/12/tci-coalindia-idINDEE89B08G20121012 * http://www. dnaindia. com/money/report_coal-india-to-face-india-s-first-class-action-suit-in-15-days_1770358 * http://www. livemint. com/Companies/jEkLsitce5Qt0wx3gyS3sM/Coal-India8217s-UK-shareholder-to-file-petition-in-Indian. html * http://ibnlive. in. com/news/meghalaya-braveheart-fights-against-child-labour-in-coal-mines/266778-3. html * http://www. amusingplanet. com/2011/05/child-labor-in-indian-coal-mines. html * http://www. elshcoalmines. co. uk/forum/read. php? 4,50329,50370#msg-50370 * http://www. mining. com/los-angeles-times-uncovers-child-labour-in-indias-coal-mines/ * http://articles. timesofindia. indiatimes. com/2012-11-14/guwahati/35111450_1_child-labourers-coal-mines-meghalaya-government * http://www. businessinsider. c om/photos-indias-illegal-coal-mines-2012-10? op=1 * http://www. thesundayindian. com/en/story/the-unfortunate-social-costs-of-coalgate-and-such-scams/42442/ * http://papers. ssrn. com/sol3/papers. cfm? abstract_id=1716581 *

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Prevalent Community Health Issues in UAE for Artistic Heritage

Question: Discuss about thePrevalent Community Health Issues in UAE for Artistic Heritage. Answer: Introduction The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is among the developing countries in Asia that is characterized of transnational population growth that has diverse educational systems, religious practices and artistic heritage, which frequently poses a major challenge in delivery of quality population-based health services. There is quite a big number of public health related issues, which largely pitch into mortality rate in the United Arab Emirates.The innovative public health programs are one among the key-health related issues that is significantly affecting the aggregate population in the UAE. Healthcare sector in the United Arab Emirates has experienced an extensive period of high and rapid growth, which is forecast to continue, driven by the gap between quality, supply, and high demand levels. The increased number of patients visiting the health facilities has increased in the recent years due to the increased in population growth and patients coming from overseas for better treatment. This has put the government of United Arab Emirates under pressure to maintain the quality of healthcare provided in its facilities by embracing technology in service provision without compromising any factor that will lead to poor delivery of services. However, achieving this had been a challenge that is yet to be solved. The health sector has of late had issues to do with innovative public health programs in what has been seen as setting up workable programs to mitigate the increasing health related diseases. To combat this menace in the sector, the UAE government and the ministry of hea lth through the nurses-stakeholders association will have to look at these issues as separate entities that are life threatening and then solve each independently. (Blair, 2011) Cancer infection is the second most common disease causing death worldwide. United Arabs Emirates is among the countries that are heavily affected with this menace with statistics indicating that it is expected to increase by great percentage with women being the most victims of cervical cancer. In 2011, 62 cases of newly women diagnosed of cervical cancer were manifested in Abu Dhabi, with the national figure indication 30% of infection cases. Cancer is said to be most prevalent in many regions around the globe apart from sub-Saharan Africa. Traditionally, the Asian countries most notably in Emirates union, there have been much lower incidences of cancer-related cases than the rest of the Western nations. This is so because over the last four decades, it has evolved gradual in that period mainly because of the relative economic fluctuations, political stability, social changes, and demographic make over that has resulted into an increased life expectancy. Following this positive epi demiological transition, the process has led to saving more lives and even upgrading communal health status. The UAE government performance goal has in the recent past dedicated many of its resources in upgrading overall health care though institutionalized programs, which assist in eradication and prevention of key leading health issues (Sharif, 2012). Therefore, healthcare ministry has a responsibility for licensing of doctors and nurses and market regulation within its control in order to play the pivotal role in establishing, delegating, and delivery of quality healthcare services to all the citizens. However, United Arab Emirates have for a long time faced shortage of nurses because they highly depend on foreign nurses, which can become detrimental to maintain due to the exodus of nurses who leave for these countries in search of better wages and better living standards. The political scenario currently at UAE has invested more to healthcare technological-innovations rather than to new drugs and instruments. This kind of organizational aspect in healthcare is a vital source of some of the most huge opportunity to transform the healthcare sector in way that increases efficiency as well as quality of services but it is also very risky and dangerous at the same time since most patient will end up lacking essential drugs to cure their ailment or reduce effects of the disease hence you will find the mortality rate still high compared to birth rate. Globocan data findings from 2008 clearly depicts that the age-standardized rates for most health occurrence and mortality diseases in the UAE is lower in comparison to Western countries, such as the USA (El Haddad, 2006). Leadership is a main source of opportunity in the healthcare sector in the UAE. It is the main resource of health care system currently devoted in eradicating health issues (such as inadequate medical personnel and equipment) which has been the main cause in raging behind in establishing innovative public health programs. Leadership in UAE has a visionary and supportive government, whose major goal, objectives and concerns coincide. High levels of Innovation are clearly defined as objectives, and the government through its institutions is striving to set objectivity that is common across different health divisions. This thereby creates further chances for alignment and also for capitalizing on the already existing efforts between different entities. The legal framework and ethical issues relating to less effective-innovative public health programs in UAE is another key area that if correctly addressed it would help ease emerging health related problems in the sector (El-Obaid, 2013). Health regulations and several standards for deference to public health procedures should be revised, evaluated, amended and then reviewed frequently. Some of the key aspects in the legal framework such as health scrutiny for new health workers according to UAE and labor laws may assist if only they are reviewed to ensure that they coincide with international current. Lastly, a bipartite approach surrounding educational efforts should coalesce with UAE national legislation and implementation ought to be embraced for particular public health issues, to minimize the mortality attributable thus reducing morbidity and meliorate on survival. (Kubal, 2006) The professional nursing roles and interventions that are relevant and vital to the community health nurse must be followed and adhered to in order to capture maximum service delivery output in UAEs health sector. The major duty of all nurses therefore stagnates at integrate health-promotional and learning activities into their designed duties. "A significant part of the endeavors around this medical issue links up with the particular part of community based nursing practitioners in the essential health service group," and brings up their unique abilities and unwavering quality for instigating acknowledgment and initiating appropriate steps that will improve the healthcare service in United Arabs Emirates. Bibliography ElHaddad, M. (2006). Nursing in the United Arab Emirates: An historical background. ResearchGate, 4(53), 284-289. Loney, T., Cooling, R. F., Aw, T. C. (2012). Lost in translation? Challenges and opportunities for raising health and safety awareness among a multinational workforce in the United Arab Emirates. Safety and health at work, 3(4), 298-304. Loney, T., Aw, T. C., Handysides, D. G., Ali, R., Blair, I., Grivna, M., ... El-Obaid, Y. (2013). An analysis of the health status of the United Arab Emirates: the Big 4public health issues. Global health action, 6(1), 20100. Blair, I., Sharif, A. A. (2012). Population structure and the burden of disease in the United Arab Emirates. Journal of epidemiology and global health, 2(2), 61-71. Sharif, A. A., Blair, I. (2011). The role of the hospital in the changing landscape of UAE health care: a focus on Dubai. World hospitals and health services: the official journal of the International Hospital Federation, 47(3), 11-13. Haddad, Y.Y. Esposito, J.L., eds (1998) Islam, Gender, and Social Change . Oxford University Press, New York. Abu Dhabi.Kasule, O.H. (n.d.) Rufaidah Bint Saad Historical Roots of the Nursing Profession in Islam. Available at: https://www.ir?.org/articles/articles_401_450/rufaidah_bint_sa.htm (accessed 19 March 2018) Kubar, P.A. et al. (2004) the meaningful retention strategy inventory. Journal of Nursing Administration, 34 (1), pp. 1018.Marrone, S.R. (2004) Marrone, S. R. (1999). Nursing in Saudi Arabia leadership development of a multicultural staff. Journal of Nursing Administration, 29(7/8), 9-11. Trident Press, London. Ohm, R. (2003) The African American experience in the Islamic faith. Public Health Nursing, 20 (6), pp. 478486. Community Health Assessment Assignment A well-designed and accurate portrait of a communitys health model is very necessary and can always help residents of a given locality, community groups, and even health practitioners to prioritize vital prevention activities and further build a faction to realize a change in addressing the already existing problems. There are some unique reasons as to why a community should access some of its well-being, such as severe economic environment that result in cost-effective medical care. We conducted a community health research of Dakota residents. According to our demographic survey, Dakota being the second largest populated county in Minnesota, a 2010 census result depicted the population to be 398,552. The population then rose steadily to 414,686 in 2015. Located on an area of1,520km, the main mode of transport is on land through roads. We were also able to observe other modes of transport for example we visited Grand folks airport and later on the Williston train terminus. There is a large network in the overall transport system of Dakota mainly contributed by the gradually increasing population. Physical environment of this particular city is more noticeable for its rolling prairies with lakes, small pond and a serene nature covered by extensive farming land (Shea, 2007). The people of Dakota, a Native American tribe compose of two of the three main subcultures that is Eastern and Western Dakota people. According to the Demographic data carried out in 2017-2018, the median age in this county is 35 for men and 38 for women. This study further showed that both formal groups (those created as per official authority) and the informal groups (formed by the employees) had different health environment because of difference in the mode of lifestyle common in each. From the Healthy People / Communities 2010 documents, we noted that different people with different health styles had diverse health conditions. The Dakota health assessment report published in 2014 updates area residents on matters regarding health problems that affect the quality of life and regarded as life threatening. This health assessment gives some of the most disturbing health concerns reported by the community residents, and audits some of the health threatening issues affecting the community. After analyzing the report, we did a quantitative and comparative analysis of the data and found that the most prevalent disease that resulted to high morbidity and mortality rate were cancer and communicable diseases in that order. The major health risk profile was largely contributed by the fact that most health institutions were heavily investing in research and technological advancements rather than providing the necessary drugs to patients (Kotecki, 2011). Therefore, it is important for scientists to first research for better components that are used in the manufacture of drugs in order to have strong medicine that gives no room for the human body system to mutate on such drugs after which technology advancements can be enhanced. This was then marked by a 2.7% decrease in functional ability levels in patients compared to the previous years. We gathered this particular information through informant interviews from patients who severed an ailment and received treatment in a durational span of two years. Throughout our interview process which we conducted with over 250 people, there were two health needs that were repeatedly identified. When asked, community of the health needs they thought should be the top priority, almost all participants unanimously identified access to health care as their major concern. It is only through reviewing of evidence-based and factual indicators endorsed by practitioners in chronic disease prevention, that the whole health of a community will be perfected. Due to health -care structure and the resource constraints from the demand created to preserve and enhance the local economy, and of such have made inevitability the mother of invention in North Dakota. Therefore, the key health care providers and legislators are busy trying to invent new methods of care and to implement better practices in a bid to save the ailing world (Bradford, 2013). Without working with a better strategic plan that can be used to solve the challenges experienced in the healthcare sector, the community will continue suffering from these life-threatening diseases. Moreover, joint campaigns to lobby for primary health care and the concept of a medical home are being realized since the government in support with other organization. This strategy can be achieved through cooperative netw orks of volunteers to co establish technology that coincides with the patients needs and makes healthcare access affordable without compromising the quality of health care. This move will greatly help the nation and its citizens to access quality and affordable healthcare without digging deep into their pockets or travelling overseas to seek for better health care services due to the misconception that theirs is far much better than ours is. Embracing of technology are some of the examples of how North Dakota can be able to provide its people with quality, efficient, and reliable healthcare regardless of the challenges in its rural setting. Top medical officials at MeritCare are ruminating on how incentives can be transformed from the commercial level to advance team cooperation among other healthcare providers and physicians.This however will greatly be propelled by the willingness and commitment of all stakeholders who have in the past created self-awareness and clarity through voluntary medical care in the community. Such articulate levels of participation, are frequently achieved through effective communication in all major departments (Osborn, 2012). Nationally, such programs as the CDM collaboration has been acknowledged as a model by the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association that facilitates participation through interaction and decision making hence aiding in conflict containment and accommodation of the overall health sector(ElHaddad, 2006)(McKenzie, Pinger, Kotecki, 2011). It should be recognized that health care is the cornerstone of any socialist country. It can be matched to a crown jewel that enables a country economy to continue growing because of the dependence on human capital. If more people in are ailing without proper healthcare services, it means that the country is losing almost half of its potential and this means that there is a huge lose in the economic growth. Bibliography McKenzie, J., Pinger, R., Kotecki, J. (2011). An introduction to community health. Burlington: Jones Bartlett Publisher. Backer, L. A. (2007). The medical home: an idea whose time has come... again. Family Practice Management, 14(8), 38. Davis, K., Schoenbaum, S. C., Audet, A. M. (2005). A 2020 vision of patient?centered primary care. Journal of general internal medicine, 20(10), 953-957. Schoen, C., Osborn, R., Doty, M. M., Bishop, M., Peugh, J., Murukutla, N. (2007). Toward higher-performance health systems: adults health care experiences in seven countries, 2007. Health Affairs, 26(6), w717-w734. Beal, A. C., Doty, M. M., Hernandez, S. E., Shea, K. 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